Social media has transformed how people communicate, but it has also created legal challenges in the workplace. Employers want to protect their reputation and confidential information, while employees want to express themselves freely. The big question is: how much control can an employer legally exert over an employee’s social media activity? Let’s break it down.
Can Employers Restrict Employee Social Media Use?
Yes, but with limitations. Employers can implement social media policies to safeguard their business interests, prevent workplace harassment, and maintain productivity. However, they must ensure these policies do not violate employee rights under federal and state law.
For example, the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) (29 U.S.C. § 157) protects employees who engage in “concerted activity”—discussions about wages, working conditions, or unionizing efforts. The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) has ruled that employers cannot discipline workers for social media posts that fall under this protection (NLRB v. Pier Sixty, LLC, 855 F.3d 115 (2d Cir. 2017)).
Employers can take action against employees for social media posts that:
- Violate company policies (e.g., harassment, discrimination, or confidentiality rules).
- Contain threats, hate speech, or defamatory statements.
- Cause significant reputational harm to the employer.
However, a blanket ban on work-related social media discussions could violate federal labor laws.
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